Current and projected vessel traffic in the Arctic: Heavy fuel oil use and its alternatives MEPC 71/16/4
A Submission paper by the Clean Shipping Coalition, Friends of the Earth International, Pacific Environment, and WWF
The paper highlights recent developments regarding the future of Arctic shipping and the comparative costs of using heavy fuel oil versus alternative fuels.
The preparation of this document was assisted by the International Council on Clean Transportation, Ocean Conservancy, the Environmental Investigation Agency, and the Iceland Nature Conservation Association.